The Central Bank of Nigeria imposed N430 million in fines on financial institutions in 2025 due to delays in resolving customer complaints and non-compliance with regulatory directives. According to the CBN’s 2025 Annual Report, 21 separate penalties were issued as consumer complaints rose by over 10 percent to 23,129. Furthermore, the regulator oversaw the recovery of over N19 billion and 329 million dollars in refunds for consumers. An additional N1.26 billion in penalties was also issued for other regulatory breaches.